National Report: Brain Health Matters to Most, But Understanding Falls Short

Published in RINewsToday on April 27, 2026

As with the findings detailed in previous reports, the numbers in the Alzheimer’s Association’s recently released 2026 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures report are jarring.

In 2026, about 7.4 million Americans aged 65 and older, or roughly 1 in 9, are living with Alzheimer’s disease. Nearly three-quarters are 75 or older, and almost two-thirds are women.

As these numbers continue to rise, the challenges ahead grow even more daunting.  We see the graying of the U.S. population, which has resulted in the number of people living with Alzheimer’s rising sharply, says the report. By 2030, all baby boomers, those born between 1946 and 1964, will be in higher-risk age groups for developing devastating cognitive disorders.  By 2060, Americans with Alzheimer’s could reach 13.8 million.

Over the years, the Facts and Figures reports have become the nation’s primary source of statistics and analysis on Alzheimer’s and other dementias.  The report has been published every year since 2007, and this year’s edition also appears in the April 2026 issue of Alzheimer’s & Dementia®, the Association’s journal.

The 142-page report, released last week, provides updated national and state-level data. Its findings suggest that Alzheimer’s has become more common and challenging for caregivers. The report remains a guiding roadmap for state and federal officials and researchers to combat this serious cognitive disorder.  It also includes a special survey about how Americans aged 40 and older think about and manage brain health.

“The latest data show Alzheimer’s is still a growing challenge for families in Rhode Island,” said Laura Hoffman, executive director of the Alzheimer’s Association’s Connecticut and Rhode Island chapters, in a statement announcing the report’s release on April 21, 2026. “That’s why it’s critical to keep progressing research and developing treatments that can improve outcomes and support everyone facing the disease,” she says.

Hoffman stressed that the nationwide crisis demands urgent action now, given the mounting financial burden on caregivers. This year, professional care for people with Alzheimer’s and other dementias is expected to cost $409 billion. By 2050, Hoffman warns, this figure could reach nearly $1 trillion.

Caregiving is still mostly handled by family and friends, the report notes. Nearly 13 million relatives and friends provided more than 19 billion hours of unpaid care last year. The value of their efforts is estimated to be a whopping $446 billion.

The report noted that Alzheimer’s is also a growing cause of death.  Since 2000, deaths from the progressive g cognitive disorder have surged by 134%. In the same period, deaths from heart disease have risen by only 3.8%. Today, Alzheimer’s takes more lives than breast and prostate cancers combined.

Rhode Island: By the Numbers

According to the report’s Rhode Island-specific data, about 22,000 Rhode Islanders aged 65 and older are living with Alzheimer’s disease.  That’s 11.4% of this population group. Another 37,000 people serve as caregivers — many are unpaid family members or friends. So roughly 1 in every 30 Rhode Islanders is caring for someone with the cognitive condition. Together, they provide 53 million hours of unpaid care, valued at $1.5 billion.

In 2025, the State’s Medicaid costs of caring for persons with Alzheimer’s and other Dementias totaled around $ 640 million. Per-capita Medicare spending for these individuals was $33,705, according to the report.

Recently, Rhode Island’s care network relied on just 32 geriatricians and about 8,070 home health and personal care aides to support persons with Alzheimer’s and dementia. To keep up with rising demand for dementia care, Rhode Island’s workforce must expand. The state requires a 23.9% increase in home health aide roles by 2032 and an 18.8% increase in specialist geriatricians by 2050, according to the report.

When comparing national and Ocean State-specific data, Hoffman, who heads the Alzheimer’s Association’s Connecticut and Rhode Island chapters, notes that the nation’s smallest state has the same rising trend in Alzheimer’s prevalence, increasing caregiver burden, and growing strain on health systems.  “As a smaller, aging state, these trends will be felt even more. The impact on families, providers, and community resources is both visible and immediate,” she says.

Hoffman calls for more dementia care professionals across the long-term care continuum. “There is also a need for more respite care, adult day programs, and long-term options that are equipped to treat complex Alzheimer’s or dementia cases,” suggests Hoffman, to fill gaps in providing services, supports, or workforce capacity to care for Alzheimer’s and dementia patients.

With the General Assembly now in session, Hoffman is urging lawmakers to pass HB 7542 or SB 2874, which establishes a Dementia Services Coordinator position within the Department of Health. “This state agency position will support the work of the Advisory Council on Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Treatment, oversee implementation of the state Alzheimer’s plan, and serve as a liaison between state agencies, the governor, the legislature, and external stakeholders,” she says.

Understanding and Sustaining Cognitive Health

The Alzheimer’s Association’s 2026 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures report comes with a special report, Brain Health in America: Comprehending and Supporting Lifelong Cognitive Health. It is based on a survey of more than 3,800 U.S. adults aged 40 and older.

The special report’s findings show a clear disconnect: most Americans see brain health as a top priority, equal to or even more important than physical health, yet many are unsure how to protect it.

“Americans care deeply about their brain health and recognize that midlife is a critical time to take action,” said Heather M. Snyder, Ph.D., the Association’s senior vice president of Medical and Scientific Relations. “But many don’t know where to start and are looking for clear, practical guidance,” she says.

Almost all respondents said keeping their brains healthy is important, but only 9% feel well informed about it. Many know that sleep, diet, and exercise matter, but fewer people clearly understand how these habits might lower the risk of dementia.

Many respondents expressed concern about their potential declining cognitive health. More than two-thirds of those surveyed admit they worry about their brain health and the chance of developing Alzheimer’s or another dementia. Still, fewer than half of these individuals strongly link healthy lifestyle habits with lowering that risk.

The special report’s findings also reveal that interest in prevention programs is high, but barriers to participation remain. About 73% would consider joining brain health programs, such as cognitive exercises, health monitoring, nutrition advice, or physical activity. However, the program’s cost, location, motivation, and insurance coverage are major obstacles to participation.

Respondents also said they want flexible options. About 40% prefer self-guided programs at home, while 38% like blended formats that mix independent and in-person participation. Only 8% prefer fully in-person programs.

Many say midlife, ages 35 to 64, is a key time for them to act. Nearly two in five respondents think people should start focusing on brain health during these years. Almost half believe formal programs should begin then. About one-third also said brain health should be a lifelong pursuit.

Even with a strong interest, many people say they do not talk often with health care providers about brain health. Two-thirds of respondents said they would like to discuss brain health with their physician.  Most would welcome these talks during regular office visits. Most would welcome these conversations during routine office visits. Still, only a small percentage say they have actually had them.

“These outcomes show a real opportunity to better integrate brain health into routine care,” Snyder said. People are motivated to protect their brain health, but they need clear, effective guidance, she says.

Snyder sees a wider, clear message in the report: Brain health is a lifelong priority, not just a concern in older age, she says. “By connecting efforts across individuals, communities, workplaces, and health care systems, we could support cognitive health and help reduce dementia risk,” she adds.

A Final Note…

With this year’s Alzheimer’s Facts and Figures report released, Hoffman also sees a clear takeaway for Rhode Islanders: “Brain health matters at every stage of life. Take steps now—stay active, eat well, get enough sleep, remain socially engaged, and talk to your healthcare provider about memory concerns,”  she adds.

The Alzheimer’s Association is expanding efforts with community and research partners to deliver evidence-based information and programs. These projects are informed in part by the landmark U.S. POINTER study, which continues to explore how lifestyle interventions may help protect cognitive function.

If you have any questions about Alzheimer’s or any other form of dementia, contact the Alzheimer’s Association 24-7 Helpline at 1/ 800-272-3900.

For a copy of the Alzheimer’s Association’s 2026 Facts and Figures Report, go to Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures

For a copy of this year’s Brain Health in America special report, go to Brain Health in America: Understanding and Supporting Lifelong Cognitive Health.

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For details about the U.S. POINTER study, to https://www.alz.org/us-pointer/study-results

URI Lecture on Healthspan, Not Just Lifespan, in Aging Well 

Published in RINewsToday on April 20, 2026

Over 300 people packed Edwards Auditorium on the University of Rhode Island’s (URI) Kingston Campus on April 7th to attend the 20th annual Malford Thewlis Lecture on Gerontology and Geriatrics. This year, Dr. Laura Kubzansky from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health spoke, offering research-based, practical tips for living longer and better.

Each year, URI’s lecture highlights important issues related to aging, with particular attention given to policies and programs affecting older adults. Dr. Phillip G. Clark, director of URI’s Program in Gerontology and the Rhode Island Geriatric Education Center, expressed excitement in focusing on personal attributes and longevity at this lecture.

Clark, who serves as emcee, explained that the lecture aims to unite different fields and engage people outside academia. “We show that every field contributes to understanding aging,” he said, adding, “we work hard to keep it accessible—grounded in science but understandable to the general public.”

This message is particularly relevant to Rhode Island. After Clark introduced the event, URI Provost Barbara Wolfe welcomed everyone and highlighted that more than 20% of Rhode Islanders are now aged 65 or older, achieving “super-aging” status. She emphasized that this demographic shift will significantly affect the state’s future budget.

Wolfe also highlighted that by 2050, about 2 billion people worldwide will be age 60 and over, underscoring the significance of the Ocean State’s graying population.

“As a public flagship university, we believe it’s our responsibility to get involved with important social, economic, and policy issues like aging,” says Wolfe.

Building on Wolfe’s remarks, Kubzansky brought decades of expertise to the lecture. She has studied how psychological well-being connects to physical health. Her research examines both traditional risk factors and how traits like optimism and social connection affect health over time.

The Harvard professor has led or co-led many research projects funded by organizations such as the Veterans Administration, the National Institutes of Health, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. She is also a fellow of the American Psychological Association and the Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research.

Focusing on “Healthspan” Rather Than Only Lifespan

In her one-hour lecture, “Optimism and Kindness: Ingredients for a Long and Healthy Life,” Kubzansky urged researchers and the public to rethink how we approach aging. She explained that we should aim not only to live longer, but to remain healthy for more years, free from long-term illness or disability.

Kubzansky describes an “asset-based approach” to health as part of this new way of thinking. This approach means focusing on positive resources or strengths—such as optimism, kindness, and strong relationships—rather than only on problems like stress or depression.

Meanwhile, she suggested that researchers should also study how these positive traits and experiences influence health.  She explained that for a long time, physicians doubted whether these factors truly affect physical health. But now, research increasingly shows their impact.

Kubzansky cited studies showing that activities such as volunteering, spending time in nature, and building social connections improve health and extend life.

She also explained that negative experiences, such as loneliness or post-traumatic stress disorder, increase the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease.

“The key question,” she said, “is whether positive factors do more than just show the absence of something negative, and if they actually offer their own unique benefits.”

Kubzansky cited a study that suggests optimistic people live about 15% longer and are 24% more likely to age in good health. These benefits extend beyond the absence of depression.

This leads to an important question for researchers: ” She asks, can improving mental well-being also improve one’s physical health?

“If we can improve psychosocial functioning,” Kubzansky said, “we may also be able to improve physical health later on. That’s a very promising idea for healthy aging.”

Kubzansky discussed a large United Kingdom study that found people who volunteer or donate to charity experience less chronic pain years later. She noted that another long-term study links loneliness to a much higher risk of heart disease.

One of the most striking research findings Kubzansky shared came from the Baltimore Experience Corps Study. It showed that older adults who volunteered slowed the decline in brain volume, essentially turning back the clock on brain aging by about three years.  She found these results both “striking and encouraging.”  She said, “They’re solid, have been repeated in other studies, and show actions people can really take.”

At the end of the lecture, the question and answer session allowed Kubzansky to discuss topics she hadn’t covered earlier. She talked about practical issues, such as the roles and impacts of pets, family, and faith communities on health; research topics, such as causality and financial differences; and broader social questions, such as optimism among younger people. These conversations helped connect her research to real-life situations.

 A Rhode Island Gerontologist’s Perspective

For URI’s Clark, this year’s Malford Thewlis Lecture on Gerontology and Geriatrics demonstrated that researchers increasingly approach aging in new ways.

“There’s more focus now on human flourishing,” he said, emphasizing Kubzansky’s work at Harvard as a prime example. He stressed that this research challenges old assumptions about aging.

“Many people tend to associate aging with decline,” Clark said. “But research tells us that’s not the whole story,” he continued.

Clark said what stood out most to him during Kubzansky’s presentation was the idea that people have more control over their health than they might realize. “Each of us can develop habits and ways of thinking that improve our chances of living longer and staying healthier,” he said.

Many of these new habits are simple and easy to start, says Clark, including volunteering, staying active, spending time outdoors, or keeping in touch with friends. Even small things, such as caring for a pet or gardening, can make a difference, he says.

For people who have trouble getting around, connecting with friends or family by phone, joining online groups, taking virtual classes, or writing letters can be meaningful. The most important thing is to find activities—big or small—that work for each person and help them build positive connections with others.

Clark sees loneliness as a major social problem that the entire community and system must address—not just individuals.

Volunteering stands out in particular. “People often gain as much or even more from it than those they help,” Clark observed. Having a sense of personal agency is central to all of this. While genetics plays a role, Clark pointed out that research shows we control about 30 percent of our lifespan.

“The takeaway of the lecture,” he said, “is that a positive outlook matters. Even when things are difficult, there are ways to respond that support better health.”

In summary, Kubzansky’s lecture aimed to change how people think about aging, moving beyond just a medical view to one that also values psychological and social well-being. She encouraged everyone—academics, URI students, and community members—to think more broadly about what it means to age well.

Hopefully, her evidence-based arguments may inspire Congress, state policymakers, and public health leaders to allocate more funding to programs that foster social connections, kindness, and a sense of purpose. Attendees heard Kubzansky make a strong scientific case for volunteering, maintaining strong social ties, staying positive, and looking forward. Yes, these practical steps can extend not just your lifespan, but also your healthspan.

In 2006, URI started the Malford Thewlis Lecture on Gerontology and Geriatrics to get people talking and thinking about aging. It is named after Dr. Malford W. Thewlis, a pioneer in geriatric medicine and co-founder of the American Geriatrics Society in 1942. He lived in Wakefield and wrote an early textbook on geriatrics, “The Care of the Aged: Geriatrics,” first published in 1919. He was also an amateur magician and a member of the International Brotherhood of Magicians.

To view Kubzansky’s lecture, go to

2026 Thewlis Lecture “Optimism and Kindness: Ingredients for a Long and Healthy Life” Laura Kubzansky

Home Foot Care Legislation Gains Momentum Toward Passage in RI

Published in RINewsToday on April 13, 2026

Through the efforts of aging advocates and older Rhode Islanders, the House last week followed the Senate’s lead in passing legislation that would allow certified foot care nurses to provide routine foot care to homebound patients. Under the legislative proposal, nurses must receive proper training and certification and demonstrate clinical competency.

At press time, the two chambers must still reconcile and pass identical versions of the bill before the legislation can be sent to the governor for signature.

On April 7, the Senate unanimously passed S. 2116A, introduced by Sen. Lori Urso, to expand access to routine foot care for homebound patients. Two days later, the House followed suit, passing Rep. Jennifer Boylan’s H 7029A by a vote of 65–0.

The sponsors—Rep. Boylan (D-Dist. 66, Barrington and Riverside) and Sen. Urso (D-Dist. 8, Pawtucket) —say the legislation addresses a critical need for basic, preventive foot care in the home. Many elderly and disabled patients require assistance with services such as toenail care and treatment of corns and calluses, yet are often unable to access care outside the home, including visits to a podiatrist.

Under the legislation, nurses must demonstrate knowledge and clinical competency in foot and nail structure and function, common foot conditions, and appropriate care techniques. They must also be certified by a national professional organization, such as the American Foot Care Nurses Association (AFCNA), or an equivalent approved by the Rhode Island Department of Health. Additionally, two of the required 10 continuing education hours per certification period must focus specifically on foot care. In addition to CEUS, 30 hours of training with a podiatrist are required for certification.

“This bill is about expanding access for vulnerable Rhode Islanders who currently have no safe options for routine foot care,” said Sen. Urso. “While this care may seem simple to some, for others it is difficult or even impossible to perform safely on their own.” She noted that similarly trained nurses already provide this care in most other states, including Massachusetts, whose regulations served as a model for the legislation.

Urso also pointed to the state’s aging demographics. “With the City of Pawtucket joining the AARP Age-Friendly initiative, along with several other Rhode Island communities, it is imperative that we support residents who wish to age in place,” she said. “Rhode Island has more residents over age 65 than under age 20, and initiatives like this help meet their needs.”

Rep. Boylan emphasized the broader issue of healthcare access. While many Rhode Islanders are aware of shortages in primary care and specialty providers, she said, fewer realize that essential services like in-home foot care are largely unavailable. This gap leaves many older adults without safe options.

“It’s especially dangerous for individuals with diabetes, who are prone to infections and other foot problems that can lead to serious complications or even death,” Boylan said.

Strong Backing from Leadership and Advocates

House and Senate leadership, along with aging advocates, say the proposal addresses a longstanding gap in home- and community-based care.

“This legislation will provide a lifeline for vulnerable Rhode Islanders who rely on in-home health services and currently face significant barriers to receiving basic but essential foot care,” said Senate President Valarie J. Lawson. She described the bill as a common-sense solution that improves the quality of life for both patients and caregivers.

House Speaker K. Joseph Shekarchi  called the measure a practical response to a widespread problem. “As someone with diabetes, I understand the serious risks associated with a lack of routine care. This bill helps protect the health and safety of Rhode Islanders,” he said.

Tina McDonald, a registered nurse licensed in both Rhode Island and Massachusetts who is certified in foot care, testified in support of H. 7029A. With 12 years of experience in foot care nursing, she argued that there is a significant unmet need among homebound elderly and chronically ill residents who can no longer visit a podiatrist’s office.

“It’s not a question of doctor versus nurse. It is a matter of nurse versus no one,” McDonald told House lawmakers, warning that podiatrists are not filling this gap in care.

Addressing the primary opposition from podiatrists, she clarified that nurses would not be practicing medicine but instead addressing a “self-care deficit” within the established nursing scope of practice.

During her testimony, McDonald emphasized that nurses are highly trained in assessment, infection control, and wound care.

Carol Anne Costa, executive director of the Senior Agenda Coalition of Rhode Island (SACRI), said the legislation would benefit homebound and mobility-challenged residents and their caregivers.

“SACRI was proud to testify in strong support of this bill,” she said. “It represents a vital step toward ensuring that older adults have the care and support they need to age safely and with dignity in their communities.”

Costa noted that allowing trained nurses to provide limited foot care services at home supports both family caregivers and broader home- and community-based care systems. “Those needing these services are often older adults or individuals with disabilities who face mobility challenges, making it difficult to access care outside the home,” she said.

She added that aging and underlying health conditions can make nail care more difficult and increase the importance of proper foot care.

Catherine Taylor, AARP Rhode Island State Director, echoed those concerns. “Access to in-home foot care is critical for older adults facing mobility, vision, or chronic health challenges,” she said. “Without regular care, minor issues can progress into infections, pain, or mobility limitations that increase fall risk and lead to more serious conditions. Home-based care supports prevention, early detection, and aging in place.”

“The bill would provide relief not only to patients, but also to families and caregivers who are often forced to choose between going without care or attempting to provide it themselves,” Taylor added.

Mary Lou Moran, director of the Pawtucket Division of Senior Services at the Leon Mathieu Senior Center, highlighted the local impact.

“This bill removes unnecessary barriers to essential preventive care and helps close a significant service gap,” she said. “Many individuals we serve cannot safely perform their own foot care and face transportation, mobility, or financial challenges accessing clinic-based services.”

Moran added that regulated, in-home care provided by qualified nurses can help prevent avoidable complications, reduce healthcare costs, and improve quality of life.

Podiatry Association Flags Concerns

Following House passage of H 7029A, the Rhode Island Podiatric Medical Association (RIPMA) issued a statement acknowledging improvements in the bill while raising concerns.

“This issue has always been about ensuring patients can access care from certified and credentialed providers,” the statement read. “We appreciate the inclusion of language requiring nurses to be certified by an accredited organization approved by the Department of Health.”

The organization noted that the bill could benefit truly homebound patients by reducing the risk of self-injury, but emphasized that it is not a substitute for physician care. Patients who can access a podiatrist (in the home or office)—especially those with underlying medical conditions—should continue to receive regular professional treatment.

RIPMA also cited studies showing that Medicare patients with diabetes who receive podiatric care experience fewer hospitalizations and amputations. The group expressed interest in collaborating with certified nurses to ensure safe, appropriate care.

At the same time, Past RIPMA President Dr. Michael Reuter, DPM, FACFAS, voiced concerns about the legislation’s broader impact.

“The legislation aims to solve a problem, but I am concerned it may create new ones,” he said.

Reuter, a board-certified podiatric foot and ankle surgeon in Rhode Island, criticized the absence of a Rhode Island Department of Health recommendation requiring collaboration between nurses and podiatrists. He said such coordination is essential to ensure timely referrals when needed.

“I hope the Department of Health establishes strong safeguards and oversight for providers entering vulnerable patients’ homes,” he said.

He also noted potential cost implications. “Patients will have to pay out of pocket for these services, whereas visits to a podiatrist—whether in-office or through a home visit—are covered by insurance,” he said.

Here is the link to the Feb. 10th House Committee on Health and Human Services on H 7029 A, go to House Committee on Health & Human Services – RISE: 2-10-2026

Here is the link to the March 3rd Senate Committee on Health and Human Services on S. 2116 A, go to Senate Committee on Health & Human Services: 3-3-2026